Most people that ride endurance horses give them oral electrolyte supplements before and during events, which is really a good idea.  The reason is endurance horses produce sweat at the rate of 1 ½ to 2 ½ gallons per hour, which leads to a substantial depletion of water and electrolyte stores.  This loss of body water and electrolytes can certainly contribute to medical problems during and after the rides.  Studies have shown that the administration of electrolytes can help prevent some of the deficits but it has really been unclear as to the most effective dose of electrolytes.  Consequently, a study was performed with two different doses of sodium chloride and potassium chloride to determine which was the most effective.  A high dose of sodium chloride, which is regular table salt, consisted of 3 ounces given at the beginning of the ride and the midpoint of the ride.  Also, a high dose of 2 ounces of potassium chloride was used at the same time.  Horses were then given a low dose of the electrolytes which was 1/3 of the high dose. 

The riders believed that the horses performed better on the high dose of electrolytes and the horses drank more water when given the high dose.  Also, at the end of the ride the sodium and potassium levels in the blood were higher in horses given the higher doses and this is a concern as it could lead to other problems.  Also, although the riders thought the horses performed better on the high doses, there was no difference in the event times.  Because of this, it is recommended to give a lower dose of electrolytes.  For specific recommendations on electrolytes for your horse, contact your equine vet or e-mail me at texvet@txfb.org.   

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